Water quality is considered by many laboratorians to be one of the most important preanalytical variables that impacts laboratory testing. Many people believe water to be a laboratory reagent, and it’s used to make buffers, blanks, calibrators, controls, mobile phase, reaction mixtures, and reagent reconstitution for a variety of lab tests. As a result, using…
As a result of interfering factors, test results might be affected. When it comes to interference factors, it relies on the method adopted to analyze the same analyte. Hemolysis, lipemia, icterus, drugs, paraproteins, and other sample contaminants, such as gels, tube additives, and fibrin clots, are all examples of interference factors that might occur. A…
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is the most prevalent inflammatory joint disease, affecting roughly 1% of the global adult population. It is characterized by persistent synovial inflammation, which frequently leads to progressive joint degeneration, disability, and a loss in quality of life. Although the exact cause of RA is unknown, autoimmunity is strongly linked to the illness,…
A lot of structures appear like parasites but aren’t. In microscopy, artifacts and confusers are two categories of structures that are most often present in stool and blood samples. Stool objects and confusers may be triggered by disease mechanisms, medications, and/or eating patterns. It may be perplexing to see free-living organisms in stool, which is…
The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was first identified by Cotugno in 1764, which is a major body fluid. CSF provides a systemic mechanism for providing nutrients to the nervous tissue, eliminating metabolic waste and building a structural shield against damage to protect the brain and spinal cord. The meninges cover the brain and spinal cord, consisting…
Venipuncture is a convenient way to provide a large blood sample that can be used for many various studies. A venipuncture, also called a phlebotomy, is punctured by a hypodermic needle in the superficial vein and blood is drawn into the vacuum tube or syringe. Performing a venipuncture involves several important steps that must be…
Introduction The testes, epididymis, seminal tubes, prostate, and bulbourethral glands are among the four fractions of sperm. Since the composition of the tis differs with increasing fraction, combining all four fractions during ejaculation is needed to obtain a good semen specimen. Composition of semen Spermatozoa: 5% Seminal Fluid: 60% – 70% Prostate fluid:…
The fecal occult blood test detects bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract in a simple, fast, and low-cost manner. Although the treatment is not definitive for colorectal cancer or any other disease, it is commonly used as a colorectal cancer screening test, and is a leading cause of cancer death. When malignant or cancerous cells develop…
All of the stable materials suspended in the urine are referred to as urine sediment. Microscopic urine sediment analysis is particularly useful for detecting kidney and urinary tract disease. Microscopic inspection of such findings can aid in the clarification of erroneous physical and chemical studies. The urine that has developed components comes from the skin,…
