Theory & Practices of Clinical Laboratory
Von Behring and Kitasato discovered an agent in the blood capable of neutralizing diphtheria toxin in 1890. The term ‘Antikörper,’ or antibodies, was used in investigations the following year to describe the agent’s capacity to distinguish between two immunological compounds. As a result, the substance that causes the creation of …
Test Description Cardiolipin antibodies are the most common kind of antiphospholipid antibody. These antibodies are essential in the mechanism of blood coagulation. When a patient develops autoantibodies (antibodies to anticardiolipin, or ACA) against cardiolipins, he or she is at a higher risk of chronic thrombosis. There are three groups of …
Primary immune thrombocytopenia, commonly known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP), is an inflammatory bleeding disorder that affects both adults and infants. It was previously thought to be an autoantibody condition in which the reticuloendothelial system prematurely destroyed platelets that had been opsonized with antiplatelet antibody. Recent studies have revealed that there …
Immunodiffusion Assays involving the diffusion of soluble antigen and antibody include the precipitation reaction. When the concentrations reach a critical point, a visible precipitate is formed, which is made up of an insoluble complex of antigens and antibodies. In an agarose gel, precipitation reactions are the most stable. Double immunodiffusion, …