Theory & Practices of Clinical Laboratory
The Platelet Neutralization Test (PNT) plays a pivotal role in diagnosing blood disorders, especially those related to platelet function. This test is crucial in the diagnosis of conditions like Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT), Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), and other platelet dysfunction disorders. By identifying antiplatelet antibodies, the PNT helps clinicians determine …
Magnesium is a cofactor in over 600 enzymatic reactions, crucial for ATP production, DNA/RNA synthesis, ion transport, and neuromuscular signaling. Deficiency or excess can cause: Due to homeostatic buffering by intestinal absorption and renal excretion, serum magnesium can remain normal even when total body or tissue levels are low. Clinicians …
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The Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) test is an important diagnostic measurement in reproductive medicine, providing a cycle-independent measure of ovarian reserve, fertility potential, and endocrine health. Its stability (CV <5%) and strong correlation with antral follicle count (r=0.8–0.9) make it a preferred biomarker over FSH or estradiol for fertility assessment, PCOS …
Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) has changed the way prenatal care is done. It provides expectant parents with important genetic information about their unborn child through a simple blood test. This innovative screening method analyzes small fragments of DNA from the fetus that are present in the mother’s blood to detect …
Your kidneys play a vital role in maintaining your body’s health. They filter waste from your blood and keep important nutrients in balance. These incredible organs process about 200 quarts of blood every day, so it’s essential to take care of them for your overall wellbeing. Urine protein testing is …
Craniofacial disorders entail a wide spectrum of issues affecting the anatomy and development of the skull and face. These abnormalities, ranging from cleft lip and palate to craniosynostosis and Treacher-Collins syndrome, can have serious physical and mental consequences. Understanding the genetic links underlying craniofacial abnormalities is critical for proper diagnosis, …
The ketogenic diet, frequently referred as the keto diet, has grown in popularity recently because of its potential to aid in weight loss and improved metabolic health. The keto diet may have risks and downsides, though, just like any other diet. In this post, we discuss the possible disadvantages of …
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder characterized by the loss of lower motor neurons (anterior horn cells) in the spinal cord and brainstem nuclei, resulting in progressive muscle weakening and atrophy. The severity and age at onset differ considerably. SMA was initially documented in the …
Gram staining of expectorated sputum is a simplistic, easy-to-perform, commonly available, and low-cost diagnostic for pneumonia patients. Sputum Gram stain may detect many infections at the same time, and the test has a quick turnaround time. With adequate specimens, the sputum Gram stain can aid in establishing the right bacterial …